Cancer and Oncology Research

Genomic Medicine

Genomic medicine is an advancing medical discipline that requires emerging using genomic information about an individual as part of their clinical and the health outcomes and policy implications of that clinical use. Genomic medicine makes an impact in the fields of oncology, pharmacology, rare and undiagnosed diseases, and infectious disease.

Some of the concepts in genomic medicine are:

• Biomarker:  Also known as bio marker, it is of any element that can be used to evaluate a particular disease state..A genomic biomarker is DNA or RNA is a predictable indicator of normal biologic process.
• Codon: DNA or RNA nucleotides or bases that are referred in groups of three (e.g., ATG, AUG), which are called codons.
• DNA:  Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is the carrier of genetic information. DNA consists of four nucleotides or bases (A, T, G, and C). DNA can replicate itself.
• Gene:  A gene is a state of sequence of DNA that serves as the basic unit of heredity. “Gene” comes from the Greek word genos, meaning birth.
• RNA:  Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is a single-strand copy of the DNA sequence that plays a key role to help the cells to carry out instructions for making a protein. RNA consists of four nucleotides or bases (A, U, G, and C).